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๐ŸŒธ Japanese Topic 91ไธญ็ดš๐ŸŒป Intermediate

ๆ™ฎ้€šๅฝข๏ผˆๅฆๅฎš๏ผ‰

Futsuukei (Hitei)

Plain Form (Negative)

๐ŸŒธ Casual Negation for Verbs, Adjectives, and Nouns ๐ŸŒธ

1

๐Ÿ’ฌ Dialogue

ๅฅๅคช๏ผšๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใ๏ผŸ

Ashita, paatii ni iku?

Are you going to the party tomorrow?

็พŽ็ด€๏ผšใ†ใ†ใ‚“ใ€่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚

Uun, ikanai. Isogashii kara.

No, I'm not going. Because I'm busy.

ๅฅๅคช๏ผšใˆใฃใ€ใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ€ๅคงๅค‰ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„๏ผŸ

Ets, sono shigoto, taihen janai?

Eh, isn't that work tough?

็พŽ็ด€๏ผšใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚“ใชใซๅคงๅค‰ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚

Uun, sonna ni taihen janai yo.

Hmm, it's not that tough.

ๅฅๅคช๏ผšใŠ่…น็ฉบใ„ใฆใชใ„๏ผŸไฝ•ใ‹้ฃŸในใ‚‹๏ผŸ

Onaka suite nai? Nanika taberu?

Aren't you hungry? Want to eat something?

็พŽ็ด€๏ผšไปŠใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ฃŸในใŸใใชใ„ใชใ€‚

Ima wa amari tabetaku nai na.

I don't really want to eat right now.

2

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary

5 words
ใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ikanainot go (plain)
ใ„ใใŒใ—ใ„isogashiibusy
ใŸใ„ใธใ‚“taihentough / difficult
ใŸในใ‚‹taberuto eat
๏ฝžใชใ„...nainegative suffix
3

โญ Key Sentence

ๆ™ฎ้€šๅฝข ๏ผˆๅฆๅฎš๏ผ‰

Futsuukei (Hitei)

Plain Negative Form.

  • Pattern: Plain Negative
  • Meaning: Don't / Isn't (Casual)
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใพใชใ„ใ€‚

Kyou wa hon o yomanai.

I won't read a book today.

ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅฏ’ใใชใ„ใ€‚

Kyou wa samukunai.

It's not cold today.

4

๐ŸŽ“ Explanation

The plain negative form (also known as the Nai-form) is used in casual conversation with friends and family.

For Verbs, Group 1 verbs change the final 'u' sound to 'a' + nai. Group 2 verbs replace 'ru' with 'nai'.

For I-Adjectives, replace the final 'i' with 'kunai'. For Na-Adjectives and Nouns, add 'janai'.

Iku -> Ikanai
= 'Go -> Not go'

Atsui -> Atsukunai
= 'Hot -> Not hot'

5

๐Ÿ“ Quiz

Which is the correct plain negative form of 'taberu' (to eat)?