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๐ŸŒธ Japanese Topic 90ไธญ็ดš๐ŸŒป Intermediate

ๆ™ฎ้€šๅฝข๏ผˆ็พๅœจใƒปๆœชๆฅ๏ผ‰

Futsuukei (Genzai / Mirai)

Plain Form (Present/Future)

๐ŸŒธ Casual Speech and Dictionary Form Usage ๐ŸŒธ

1

๐Ÿ’ฌ Dialogue

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ใฒใพ๏ผŸ

Ashita, hima?

Are you free tomorrow?

ใƒŸใ‚ญ๏ผšใ†ใ‚“ใ€ใฒใพใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผŸ

Un, hima da yo. Nani ka aru?

Yeah, I'm free. Is something up?

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใซ่กŒใใ‘ใฉใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซ่กŒใ๏ผŸ

Eiga o mi ni iku kedo, issho ni iku?

I'm going to see a movie, do you want to go together?

ใƒŸใ‚ญ๏ผš่กŒใ๏ผไฝ•ใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ

Iku! Nan no eiga o miru no?

I'll go! What movie are you watching?

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‹ใƒกใ€‚ใŠใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚

Atarashii anime. Omoshiroi to omou yo.

A new anime. I think it'll be interesting.

ใƒŸใ‚ญ๏ผšใ„ใ„ใญใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ้ง…ใงไผšใŠใ†ใ€‚

Ii ne. Jaa, ashita eki de aou.

Sounds good. Well, let's meet at the station tomorrow.

2

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary

5 words
ใ‚ใ—ใŸashitatomorrow
ใˆใ„ใŒeigamovie
ใ„ใikuto go
ใฟใ‚‹miruto see/watch
ใŠใ‚‚ใ†omouto think
3

โญ Key Sentence

ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ€‚

Ashita, eiga o miru.

I will watch a movie tomorrow.

  • Pattern: Dictionary Form (Plain Form)
  • Meaning: Expresses habitual actions or future intent in casual speech.
ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ‚Šใ‚“ใ”ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ€‚

Mainichi ringo o taberu.

I eat an apple every day.

ไปŠๆ™ฉใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ€‚

Konban, hon o yomu.

I will read a book tonight.

4

๐ŸŽ“ Explanation

The Plain Form (ๆ™ฎ้€šๅฝข) is used in casual conversations with friends and family. For verbs, the present/future plain form is the same as the Dictionary Form.

Unlike the polite form (-masu), the plain form does not change between a habitual action (I eat every day) and a future action (I will eat tomorrow).

For Na-adjectives and nouns, the plain form of 'desu' is 'da'.

Ashita iku.
= 'I will go tomorrow.' (Casual)

Kore wa hon da.
= 'This is a book.' (Casual)

5

๐Ÿ“ Quiz

Which of the following is the plain form of 'I will eat'?