åčŠãģãĒåŊĸ厚čŠãŽæŽéåŊĸ
Meishi / Na-keiyoushi no Futsuukei
Plain Form of Nouns and Na-Adjectives
đ¸ Casual Speech: Nouns and Na-Adjectives đ¸
đŦ Dialogue
Ashita, hima?
Are you free tomorrow?
Uun, ashita wa shigoto da yo.
Hmm, tomorrow is a work day.
Ets, yasumi janai no?
Eh, it's not a holiday?
Un. Senshuu wa yasumi datta kedo ne.
Yeah. It was a holiday last week, though.
Sokka. Zannen da ne.
I see. That's a shame.
Demo, nichiyoubi wa hima da yo!
But, I'm free on Sunday!
đ Vocabulary
5 wordsâ Key Sentence
Noun / Na-adj + da / janai / datta
Plain form of nouns and na-adjectives.
- Pattern: Noun/Na-Adj [Plain Form]
- Meaning: Casual way to state facts or descriptions.
Kyou wa ii tenki da.
The weather is nice today.
Kinou wa yasumi janakatta.
Yesterday was not a holiday.
đ Explanation
In casual Japanese, the polite ã§ã is replaced by the plain form. For nouns and na-adjectives, the present affirmative is ã .
The negative form is ãããĒã, the past affirmative is ã ãŖã, and the past negative is ãããĒããŖã.
Note that in casual questions, ã is often omitted and replaced with rising intonation.
Kore wa hon da.
= 'This is a book.'
Suki janai.
= 'I don't like it.'
đ Quiz
Which of the following means 'It was a holiday.' in casual form?