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๐ŸŒธ Japanese Topic 38ๅˆ็ดš๐ŸŒฑ Beginner

ๅ‹•่ฉž + ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ

Verb + masen deshita

Did not (verb).

๐ŸŒธ Polite Past Negative Form ๐ŸŒธ

1

๐Ÿ’ฌ Dialogue

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšใใฎใ†ใ€ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

Kinou, benkyou shimashita ka.

Did you study yesterday?

ใ‚ขใƒณใƒŠ๏ผšใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

Iie, benkyou shimasen deshita.

No, I did not study.

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๆœใ”ใฏใ‚“ใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

Asagohan o tabemashita ka.

Did you eat breakfast?

ใ‚ขใƒณใƒŠ๏ผšใ„ใ„ใˆใ€้ฃŸในใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

Iie, tabemasen deshita.

No, I did not eat.

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

Terebi o mimashita ka.

Did you watch TV?

ใ‚ขใƒณใƒŠ๏ผšใ„ใ„ใˆใ€่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚

Iie, mimasen deshita. Isogashikatta desu.

No, I didn't watch it. I was busy.

2

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary

5 words
ใใฎใ†kinouyesterday
ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใพใ™benkyou shimasuto study
ใ‚ใ•ใ”ใฏใ‚“asagohanbreakfast
ใŸในใพใ™tabemasuto eat
ใฟใพใ™mimasuto watch/see
3

โญ Key Sentence

ๅ‹•่ฉž [ใพใ™-form] + ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ

Verb [masu-stem] + masen deshita

Did not (verb).

  • Pattern: ใ€œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
  • Meaning: Polite past negative form.
้ฃŸในใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

Tabemasen deshita.

I did not eat.

่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

Ikimasen deshita.

I did not go.

4

๐ŸŽ“ Explanation

To express that an action did not happen in the past politely, we use the ending ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ (masen deshita).

This is the past tense version of the negative ใ€œใพใ›ใ‚“. To form it, simply take the masu-stem of a verb and attach this ending.

For example, ใ€Œ้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ€ (eat) becomes ใ€Œ้ฃŸในใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€ (did not eat).

Kinou wa kaimono ni ikimasen deshita.
= 'I did not go shopping yesterday.'

5

๐Ÿ“ Quiz

How do you say 'I did not watch (it)' politely?