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Lesson 159 / 166
๐ŸŒธ Japanese Topic 159ไธŠ็ดš๐ŸŒณ Advanced

ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž๏ผˆใใ‚“ใ‘ใ„ใ”๏ผ‰

Sonkeigo

Honorific Language

๐ŸŒธ Elevating the Actions of Superiors ๐ŸŒธ

1

๐Ÿ’ฌ Dialogue

็”ฐไธญ๏ผš้ƒจ้•ทใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎไผš่ญฐใซใฏๅ‡บๅธญใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

Buchล, ashita no kaigi ni wa shusseki saremasu ka.

Director, will you be attending tomorrow's meeting?

้ƒจ้•ท๏ผšใˆใˆใ€ๅ‡บๅธญใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚่ณ‡ๆ–™ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

Ee, shusseki shimasu. Shiryล wa mล goran ni narimashita ka.

Yes, I will. Have you already looked at the documents?

็”ฐไธญ๏ผšใฏใ„ใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉๆ‹่ชญใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็คพ้•ทใฏไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซใŠ่ฆ‹ใˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

Hai, sakihodo haidoku itashimashita. Shachล wa nanji ni omie ni narimasu ka.

Yes, I read them a moment ago. What time will the President arrive?

้ƒจ้•ท๏ผš็คพ้•ทใฏๅˆๅพŒไบŒๆ™‚ใซใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚

Shachล wa gogo niji ni irassharu yotei desu.

The President is scheduled to arrive at 2 PM.

็”ฐไธญ๏ผšๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใŠ้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๅฌใ—ไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

Shลchi itashimashita. Onomimono wa nani o meshiagarimasu ka.

Understood. What would he like to drink?

้ƒจ้•ท๏ผšใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

Kลhฤซ o ossharu to omoimasu yo.

I think he will ask for coffee.

2

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary

5 words
ใ”ใ‚‰ใ‚“ใซใชใ‚‹goran ni naruto look/see (honorific)
ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹irassharuto go/come/be (honorific)
ใ‚ใ—ใ‚ใŒใ‚‹meshiagaruto eat/drink (honorific)
ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ossharuto say (honorific)
ใŠใฟใˆใซใชใ‚‹omie ni naruto arrive/appear (honorific)
3

โญ Key Sentence

้ƒจ้•ทใฏ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

Buchล wa shiryล o goran ni narimashita ka?

Has the director seen the documents?

  • Pattern: ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž (Sonkeigo)
  • Meaning: Honorific verbs used to show respect to the subject's actions.
ไฝ•ใ‚’ๅฌใ—ไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

Nani o meshiagarimasu ka.

What will you eat/drink?

็คพ้•ทใŒใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

Shachล ga irasshaimashita.

The President has arrived.

4

๐ŸŽ“ Explanation

Sonkeigo (ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž) is used to elevate the status of the person you are talking about, typically a superior, a client, or someone you don't know well.

There are three main ways to form honorifics: 1) Special honorific verbs (like ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹), 2) The ใŠ + Verb stem + ใซใชใ‚‹ pattern, and 3) Using the passive form (ใ‚Œใ‚‹/ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹).

In business settings, using these correctly is vital for maintaining professional relationships and showing proper etiquette.

Sensei ga osshaimashita.
= 'The teacher said (it).'

O-kaeri ni narimasu ka?
= 'Will you be going home?'

5

๐Ÿ“ Quiz

Which verb is the honorific (Sonkeigo) form of 'to eat' (taberu)?