命令形・禁止形
Meireikei / Kinshikei
Imperative and Prohibitive Forms
🌸 Strong Commands and Prohibitions 🌸
💬 Dialogue
Taichou: Zen'in, tomare! Ugoku na!
Captain: Everyone, stop! Don't move!
Heishi: Hai! Ryoukai shimashita!
Soldier: Yes! Understood!
Taichou: Isoge! Jikan ga nai zo.
Captain: Hurry up! There's no time.
Heishi: Shikashi, ashiba ga kiken desu.
Soldier: But the footing is dangerous.
Taichou: Yowane o haku na! Mae o miro!
Captain: Don't whine! Look ahead!
Heishi: Wakarimashita. Saigo made akiramemasen!
Soldier: I understand. I won't give up until the end!
📖 Vocabulary
5 words⭐ Key Sentence
Ugoku na! / Tomare!
Don't move! / Stop!
- Pattern: V-dictionary + な / V-imperative
- Meaning: Strong commands or prohibitions.
Motto hayaku hashire!
Run faster!
Koko de tabako o suu na.
Don't smoke here.
🎓 Explanation
The Imperative form (命令形) and Prohibitive form (禁止形) are used for strong, direct commands. They are often used by men in positions of authority, in emergency situations, or in sports.
To form the prohibitive, simply add な to the dictionary form of any verb.
The imperative form varies: Group 1 verbs change the final 'u' sound to 'e'. Group 2 verbs replace 'ru' with 'ro'. Irregular verbs become koi (kuru) and shiro (suru).
Taberu na
= 'Don't eat!'
Hayaku oiwai shiro
= 'Celebrate quickly!'
📝 Quiz
Which of the following is the correct prohibitive form for 'Don't enter'?