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Lesson 156 / 166
๐ŸŒธ Japanese Topic 156ไธŠ็ดš๐ŸŒณ Advanced

ไฝฟๅฝนๅ—่บซๅฝข๏ผˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹๏ผ‰

Shieki ukemikei

Causative-Passive Form

๐ŸŒธ Expressing Being Forced to Do Something ๐ŸŒธ

1

๐Ÿ’ฌ Dialogue

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€้ƒจ้•ทใซไธ‰ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚ๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚

Kinou, buchou ni san-jikan mo zangyou saserareta yo.

Yesterday, I was forced to work three hours of overtime by the manager.

ใƒใƒŠ๏ผšใใ‚Œใฏๅคงๅค‰ใ ใฃใŸใญใ€‚็งใฏ้ฃฒใฟไผšใงๆญŒใ‚ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚

Sore wa taihen datta ne. Watashi wa nomikai de utawaserareta yo.

That sounds tough. I was made to sing at the drinking party.

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๅซŒใชใ“ใจใ‚’็„ก็†ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็–ฒใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚

Iyana koto o muriyari saserareru no wa tsukareru yo ne.

It's exhausting being forced to do things you don't want to do.

ใƒใƒŠ๏ผšๆœฌๅฝ“ใ€‚ๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒใฏใ‚ˆใๆฏใซ้‡Ž่œใ‚’้ฃŸในใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใชใ‚ใ€‚

Hontou. Kodomo no koro wa yoku haha ni yasai o tabesaserareta naa.

True. When I was a kid, I was often made to eat vegetables by my mother.

ใ‚ฑใƒณ๏ผšๅƒ•ใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚

Boku wa mainichi piano o renshuu saserareta yo.

I was forced to practice the piano every day.

ใƒใƒŠ๏ผšไปŠใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„ๅฟ—ใงไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’้ธใณใŸใ„ใญใ€‚

Ima wa jibun no ishi de shigoto o erabitai ne.

Now, I want to choose my work of my own free will.

2

๐Ÿ“– Vocabulary

5 words
ใ–ใ‚“ใŽใ‚‡ใ†zangyouovertime work
ใ‚€ใ‚Šใ‚„ใ‚Šmuriyariforcibly / against one's will
ใฎใฟใ‹ใ„nomikaidrinking party
ใ‚„ใ•ใ„yasaivegetables
ใ„ใ—ishiwill / intention
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โญ Key Sentence

V-(ใ•)ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹

V-(sa)serareru

To be made to do V.

  • Pattern: ไฝฟๅฝนๅ—่บซๅฝข (Causative-Passive)
  • Meaning: Being forced to do something against your will.
ๅซŒใชไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

Iyana shigoto o saseraremashita.

I was made to do a job I disliked.

้›จใฎไธญใ‚’่ตฐใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

Ame no naka o hashirasaremashita.

I was forced to run in the rain.

4

๐ŸŽ“ Explanation

The Causative-Passive form (ไฝฟๅฝนๅ—่บซๅฝข) is used to express that someone was forced or pressured into doing an action they did not want to do.

It combines the causative (make someone do) and passive (be done to) meanings.

ใ€œใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ is the standard ending for Group 2 verbs, while Group 1 verbs often use the shortened ใ€œใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ (e.g., ๅพ…ใŸใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ - to be made to wait).

Uta o utawaserareta
= 'I was made to sing (and I didn't want to).'

Yasai o tabesaserareta
= 'I was forced to eat vegetables.'

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๐Ÿ“ Quiz

Which sentence means 'I was forced to wait for an hour'?