A ใฎ ไฝ็ฝฎๅ่ฉ ใซ B ใใใใพใ
A no ichi-meishi ni B ga arimasu
B is in/on/at the [position] of A.
๐ธ Describing Locations with Position Nouns ๐ธ
๐ฌ Dialogue
Sumimasen, kaban wa doko desu ka.
Excuse me, where is the bag?
Kaban wa tsukue no ue ni arimasu yo.
The bag is on the desk.
A, arigatou gozaimasu. Hon wa doko desu ka.
Ah, thank you. Where is the book?
Hon wa kaban no naka ni arimasu.
The book is inside the bag.
Neko mo imasu ne. Neko wa doko desu ka.
There is a cat too. Where is the cat?
Neko wa tsukue no shita ni imasu.
The cat is under the desk.
๐ Vocabulary
5 wordsโญ Key Sentence
A no ichi-meishi ni B ga arimasu.
B is at the [position] of A.
- Pattern: A ใฎ [ไฝ็ฝฎ] ใซ B ใใใใพใใ
- Meaning: Describing where an object is located relative to another object.
Hako no naka ni ringo ga arimasu.
There is an apple inside the box.
Isu no shita ni neko ga imasu.
There is a cat under the chair.
๐ Explanation
To describe the location of an object, Japanese uses ไฝ็ฝฎๅ่ฉ (Position Nouns) combined with the particle ใฎ.
The structure is [Reference Object] + ใฎ + [Position] + ใซ. The particle ni indicates the point of existence.
Common position nouns include ไธ (ue - top), ไธ (shita - under), and ไธญ (naka - inside).
Remember to use ใใใพใ for inanimate objects and ใใพใ for living things like people or animals.
Tsukue no ue ni hon ga arimasu.
= 'There is a book on the desk.'
Kaban no naka ni kagi ga arimasu.
= 'There is a key inside the bag.'
๐ Quiz
How do you say 'Under the desk' in Japanese?